GC015 Instrumentation and columns – Part 1
The main
components of the gas chromatographers are: carrier gas supply, injection ports
or inlets, column (inside an oven), flow controllers, detector and a data system.
The column
is the essential part of the technique because it is where the separation occurs.
The first columns were the packed columns, metal tubes of 1-2 meters length and
0.2-0.4 cm of inner diameter, packed with inert supports which were coated with
the stationary liquid phases. Today, the fused silica columns are of widespread
use and are open tubes called capillary columns, due to their small inner diameter
(0.1-0.53 mm). The stationary liquid phase is coated on the inner surface of
the tube, forming a coating with a thickness of around 0.1-5 µm.
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